First off, from LOTS of experience, the retail stuff is rarely going to give you very good hits. And, I mean RARELY. I've hit a couple decent things over the years (been collecting for 25 years or so).
That being said, retail is fun if you have 20 bucks and don't want to travel a long way to get hobby.
Now, as to other aspects of collecting, the first thing I tell people new to the hobby is that you need to find your collecting center. What I mean by that is a focus that you have that will allow you to fully enjoy the collecting hobby without getting frustrated. There are SO many products, with so many variations that without a focus in your collecting, you'll spend a lot of money and really have nothing to really show for it except a bunch of worthless base cards.
For instance, I collect Packers cards generally. If I'm trading or I can get a cheap lot of cards that I know has stuff I don't have, I'll go for just about anything. But, if I'm spending money, I'm focusing on certain things. Mostly, right now, it's Jordy Nelson. Now, I do also focus on other big name guys like Aaron Rodgers, Bart Starr, Brett Favre, etc, but Jordy has been my go to guy for who I want in my collection. Now, aside from Jordy specifically, I am also trying to build a master set of Packers players from 2014 and 2015 Prizm. I have approximately 83% of all variations of all of the Prizm cards for Packers players from those years. I've spent a LOT of money on the Prizm, but I have a pretty awesome collection of it, and it's a very unique collection as well considering I have 8 1/1s from those two sets.
Now, you don't have to stick with one team or player. I know collectors who don't team or player collect, they set collect. One guy I know collects only National Treasures RPAs, while another I know of only collects cards that have 264 as the serial number (like 264/1000, 264/500, etc). Find the niche that will make your collection yours and yours alone, as it will make it that much more satisfying and will make it a collection that's worth building and keeping to you.
Second thing is make a budget. Looks like you have already thought about this, but stick to it. I've had times where my credit card debt skyrocketed because I bought a case of cards or bought too many auctions on eBay. It's easy to say you're going to stick to a certain number, it's hard to stick to that number in practice. Be mindful of it, because it can be difficult to keep it reasonable.
Third, products I'd recommend: Prizm is my favorite right now. You can get boxes of 2014 for about 34 bucks for hobby, and jumbo if you want to splurge for about 90. 2015 is almost down to those levels now. Lots of colored and numbered variations with very nice designs (IMO). Only downside is that the autos are stickers. Topps Chrome is another good one about the same price, although you get less color and less autos per box (only one auto per box of normal hobby). Contenders is nice, although you'll pay a bit more for the hobby boxes although you'll have the chance to get bigger names. I have a pretty substantial collection of all of those types of cards and can share what the last few years of each have looked like.
Hopefully that helped a little